Instructions for Orchard Visual Fruit Sampling & Field Bin Sampling - Taiwan Protocol
2006 revisions appear in bold
Required Codling Moth Damage Pre-Packing
Fruit Evaluation
A. On-Tree Sequential Field Sampling Protocol:
(No more than 14 days prior to harvest.)
- The sequential sample should be started in the area with the highest CM trap catches or in area with known codling moth problems. Sampling personnel must review codling moth trap catch records for the block before beginning sample. Samples should be collected on a regular grid throughout the area being sampled. Blocks chosen for sampling should be reasonably uniform in terms of cultivars, growing conditions, and codling moth management program. Any person competent to recognize codling moth damage in the field can do the sampling, however, those without a pesticide consultants' license must participate in a pre-season training session. See training schedule.
- Trees should be selected randomly within the area, but separated by roughly 70 feet.
- Each tree sample will consist of 60 half-fruit per tree.
- The trees should be sampled starting at the top of the tree. Count each fruit of which an entire half plus the calyx can be seen. Continue counting half-fruits from the top working down the tree until a total of 60 fruit are examined.
- The number of trees to be sampled depends on the codling moth damage status of the orchard. A clean orchard may require sampling as few as 21 trees to complete the evaluation. A fruit with two live larvae is counted as only a single fruit infested. All suspect fruit should be cut to determine if the injury is the result of a successful larval entry or is only a sting (unsuccessful entry). Record only the successful entries as injury.
- Sampling must be done within two weeks of the beginning of each harvest for each variety in each grower lot.
- The Taiwan codling moth field sampling form included in this packet must accompany the delivery of fruit or be on file in the packing facility for each grower lot to be exported to Taiwan. This form must be presented, along with the cull analysis records to the appropriate state commodity inspection officials at the time a requested phytosanitary inspection takes place.
- If 0.2% or more of the fruit in the sample have live larvae present, the orchard is prohibited for export to Taiwan.
- See the attached sequential sampling protocol document for more details.
- If, following a 50 tree sample, no decision can be made to reject or accept the orchard block (detection of 4 to 7 live larvae after 50 trees) (see Taiwan codling moth field sampling form), the field sample can be repeated no sooner than 7 days from the date of the original sample to determine if the block can be accepted or rejected. If the second field sample is again inconclusive or results in the rejection of the block, that variety in that grower lot is rejected for export to Taiwan. Alternatively, the second sample in such blocks may be the bin sample. If the block fails the bin sample, that variety in that grower lot is rejected for export to Taiwan. If the lot passes the second sample all paperwork from both samples must be submitted to state department of agriculture officials to allow phytosanitary certification.
B. Bin Sampling Alternative:
A minimum of 1500 fruit must be inspected per grower lot to look for larvae and insect damage. It is recommended that no more than 25 fruit be sampled randomly (not from the top layer) from the field bins before the lot is submitted for packing for Taiwan. If the lot size is smaller than 60 bins more fruit can be sampled from each bin. Bins sampled should represent fruit from all parts of the orchard (lot). Sampling can be done in the orchard or at the packing facility. All suspect fruit and a minimum of 150 fruit must be cut. If fruit without damage symptoms must be cut to meet the minimum fruit cut requirements, that fruit must be cut vertically from stem to calyx to increase the chances of detecting codling moth. If more than 0.15% of the fruit in the sample have live larvae present (2 live larvae in 1500 fruit), the orchard is prohibited for export to Taiwan. A form to record the results of bin sampling is attached. Any person competent to recognize codling moth damage can do the sampling, however those without a pesticide consultants' license must participate in a pre-season training session. See training schedule. Bin Sampling and Cull Cutting instructions are available in Spanish.
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